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Valves are mechanical devices that regulate, direct, or control the flow of fluids (liquids, gases, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing passages.  1. Gate Valve Gate valve uses a gate/wedge to stop or allow flow of fluids. Gate valve is best fo…

The elements of the tool signature or nomenclature of a single-point cutting tool are illustrated in the figure below (i) Back rake angle: Back rake angle is the angle between the face of the single-point cutting tool and a line parallel to the base of the tool, mea…

In soldering and brazing processes, the metal parts being joined are heated but not melted and molten filler material is made to flow between the two closely placed adjacent surfaces by capillary action. A strong joint between the parts is formed on cooling to room tem…

Welding, soldering and brazing are metal joining processes. Each type of joining process has its own significance. The type of joining process to be applied for joining two parts depends on many factors. The tabular comparison tells us the differences between the join…

The performance of a centrifugal pump can be determined by finding the following efficiencies: Mechanical efficiency Hydraulic efficiency Volumetric efficiency Overall efficiency 1. Mechanical efficiency of a centrifugal pump (η m ): Mechanica…

Different types of welded joints bring two parts together for joining. Five types of welded joints are butt joint, corner joint, lap joint, T-joint, and edge joint. 1. Butt joint: In Butt welded type, the parts lie in the same plane and are joined at their edges. …

Basic properties that cutting tools must possess are: Tool material must be at least 30 to 50% harder than the workpiece material. Tool material must have high hot hardness. High toughness High wear resistance High thermal conductivity Lo…