Flanges are protruding ridge, lip, rim, or collar types used to strengthen an object, guide movements, or securely bolt machinery and connect pipes and valves. Various Types of Flanges: Weld Neck Flange : Provides high strength and is used in high-pressure and high-tem…

Several welding processes are available; however, their application is dictated by the mechanical properties , type of welded joints , the quality required in the service condition, cost, and availability of the machine and operator’s skill.   The discussion below give…

The metalworking fluids applied in machining processes basically have three characteristics. They are: Cooling effect Lubrication effect Taking away the formed chip from the cutting zone. Selecting a metalworking fluid for a particular application and…

Commonly filler metals are used in brazing are listed in below Table 1, along with the principal base metals on which they are typically used. To be suitable as a brazing metal the following characteristics are needed: the melting temperature must be compatibl…

In soldering and brazing processes, the metal parts being joined are heated but not melted and molten filler material is made to flow between the two closely placed adjacent surfaces by the capillary action. A strong joint between the parts is formed on cooling to room…

Electrogas welding (EGW) is a vertically positioned arc welding process, is used for welding the edges of sections vertically and in one pass, with the pieces placed edge to edge (butt joint). It is classified as a machine-welding process because its operation require…

Some safety precautions in forging shop to followed while performing forging operation to avoid injuries and accidents are listed below: Forging shop. Image source: Wikimedia Commons Always avoid the use of damaged hammers. Never try to strike a hardened surface with…

The operator must go through and become familiar with these general safety precautions/recommendations to avoid accidents and injuries while working on a lathe machine : The operator should always be sure that all guards are in place before running the lathe machine. …

The manufacturing industry is pacing at breakneck speed, and innovations, too are so focused that every segment of manufacturing right from designs to finishing processes have uplifted pointedly. Industry pioneers project two major factors that are driving these innova…

The ease with which the machining can be done is called the machinability of the work material. The machinability of work material is influenced by the following parameters: The properties of the work material. The cutting forces induced during machining. …

General characteristics of different forming and shaping processes such as flat rolling, shape rolling, drawing, extrusion, forging, forming and shaping of ceramics, sheet-metal forming, powder metallurgy and processing of plastics & composite materials . S.no…

Electroslag welding (ESW) and its applications are similar to electrogas welding. The main difference is that the arc is started between the electrode tip and the bottom of the part to be welded. Flux is added, which then melts by the heat of the arc. After the molten …

The casting or foundering process  is the oldest manufacturing process in which liquid molten metal is poured into a perforated casting cavity of refractory material. Allow liquid metal to solidify; after solidification, the casting metal can be removed by breaking th…

The die casting process is a manufacturing process for producing accurately dimensioned, sharply defined, smooth or textured surface metal parts. It is accomplished by injecting liquid metal at a fast velocity and under high pressure into reusable steel dies. Die cast…

Thermit welding  is the joining process in which the heat required for the melting and joining of components is obtained due to the exothermic chemical reaction.  When ignition powder is initiated using the matchbox, the heat generated due to the burning of the ignitin…

A comparison between permanent mold casting and die casting in aspects such as cost, floor area, surface finishing, production rate, and initial cost is listed below in the table form. S.no Permanent Mold Casting Die casting 1 Permanent mold casting mold…

The tightening tools include pliers, screwdrivers, and wrenches, which are discussed below. 1. Pliers Pliers , namely, ordinary needle-nose pliers and particular types of hand tools, are used to hold objects tightly. Fig. 1 (a) shows long nose pliers and Fig. 1 (b) s…

The advantages and benefits of selecting die casting over sand casting (Sand Molded Casting) are listed below. The die casting process requires less floor space in comparison to the sand casting process. Die-casting helps provide precision dimensional control, resulti…

There are several operations related to drilling. Some of them are: Reaming, Tapping, Counterboring, Countersinking, Center drilling, and Spot facing These are illustrated in Figure 1 and described in this section. Most operations follow…

The deburring operation is performed by the deburring tool to remove burrs. Burrs are thin ridges, usually triangular in shape, and are typically an unwanted piece of material that develops along the edges of a workpiece during operations such as machining, shearing s…