Hydraulic turbines are Machines that convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. The mechanical energy runs an electric generator directly coupled to the turbine's shaft. The generator generates electric power, sometimes known as hydroelectric power. Generall…

A key is a machine element fitted in an axial direction into the mating member, such as pulleys, gears. The key's primary function is to prevent the relative rotation between the shaft and mating member. In most applications, the keys' secondary function is to…

The following are the critical dimensions and geometries concerned with toothed gear: Pitch Circle : A pitch circle is an apparent circle in which two gears can be taken like smooth cylinders rolling without friction. Addendum Circle : The addendum circle is the …

Water hand pumps are manually operated pumps. They are used to bring water from the earth's underground to the earth's surface and are used in every country for various industrial, marine, irrigation, and household purposes. The image shown below is the typical…

Electroslag welding (ESW) and its applications are similar to electrogas welding. The main difference is that the arc is started between the electrode tip and the bottom of the part to be welded. Flux is added, which then melts by the heat of the arc. After the molten …

The casting or foundering process  is the oldest manufacturing process in which liquid molten metal is poured into a perforated casting cavity of refractory material. Allow liquid metal to solidify; after solidification, the casting metal can be removed by breaking th…

The first gas-cooled reactors with carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) gas as coolant at a pressure of 16 bar and graphite as moderator were developed in Britain. The fuel used is natural uranium, clad with an alloy of magnesium called Magnox. Schematic diagram of a Gas-cooled re…

A diesel power plant is a power generation facility that uses a diesel engine as the prime mover to produce electricity. It is commonly used in areas with relatively low power demand, as backup power sources, or in locations without access to a reliable power grid. He…

There are many theories of fatigue; I have written briefly about three of them: the Orowan theory, the fatigue limit theory, and Wood’s theory. 1. Orowan Theory: Orowan theory considers the metal to contain small, weak regions. Slip occurs readily along these regio…

The die casting process is a manufacturing process for producing accurately dimensioned, sharply defined, smooth or textured surface metal parts. It is accomplished by injecting liquid metal at a fast velocity and under high pressure into reusable steel dies. Die cast…

Thermit welding  is the joining process in which the heat required for the melting and joining of components is obtained due to the exothermic chemical reaction.  When ignition powder is initiated using the matchbox, the heat generated due to the burning of the ignitin…